{"id":5066,"date":"2019-06-10T09:47:55","date_gmt":"2019-06-10T02:47:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pornindianclips.com\/?p=5066"},"modified":"2021-07-21T02:00:54","modified_gmt":"2021-07-20T19:00:54","slug":"mo-hinh-cau-truc-cua-thanh-ngu-so-sanh-trong-truyen-kieu-nguyen-du","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pornindianclips.com\/bai-viet-khoa-hoc-2\/mo-hinh-cau-truc-cua-thanh-ngu-so-sanh-trong-truyen-kieu-nguyen-du\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00d4 H\u00ccNH C\u1ea4U TR\u00daC C\u1ee6A TH\u00c0NH NG\u1eee SO S\u00c1NH\u00a0TRONG TRUY\u1ec6N KI\u1ec0U \u2013 NGUY\u1ec4N DU"},"content":{"rendered":"

ThS. Ph\u00f9ng Th\u1ecb L\u01b0\u1ee3t, Khoa SP Trung h\u1ecdc<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a01.\u00a0<\/strong>\u0110\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n L\u1ed9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian, t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gia Nguy\u1ec5n Du, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTrong c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u x\u01b0a nay, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 duy nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh Nguy\u1ec5n Du l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u00f4ng, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh cao ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi\u201d<\/em> [3;419]. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

\u00a0C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, trong kho t\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh (TNSS) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, ta c\u0169ng b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u TNSS. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo ba d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 – t\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef m\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00ean trong tu\u00e2n theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 logic v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n; v\u00e0 hai l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 – l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 so v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i (thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u2013 r\u00fat g\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1\u2026) trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu. D\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng h\u00e0m \u1ea9n – m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3. \u1ede d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i m\u01b0\u1ee3n \u00fd t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cho bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi (v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cho bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y). Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a TNSS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a TNSS nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u; Hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a TNSS bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. N\u1ed9i dung<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    2.1. Th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh<\/strong> ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Theo t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n H\u00e0nh, th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh, v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng, ki\u1ec3u r\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec9a, kh\u1ecfe nh\u01b0 v\u00e2m, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean th\u1edbt<\/em>, nh\u1ea3y nh\u01b0 choi choi<\/em>\u2026\u201d [2;47]. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac logic c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh At1 nh\u01b0 Bt2,<\/strong> trong \u0111\u00f3 t1<\/em> l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a A, t2<\/em> l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a B, <\/em>l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh. Theo t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, gi\u1eefa hai c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1\u201d [2;49]. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh, \u201ct2 <\/em>kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec3n ng\u00f4n\u201d [2;49]. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eabu t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh l\u00e0 A + t + tss + B<\/strong> v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

    (1)\u00a0 A +t + tss+ B (V\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecf nh\u01b0 g\u00e0 ch\u1ecdi, c\u1ed5 ng\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ed5 c\u00f2\u2026)<\/em><\/p>\n

    (2) A + tss+ B\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (V\u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1ng, n\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 ch\u00faa Ch\u1ed5m\u2026)<\/em><\/p>\n

    (3) t + tss+ B\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0111en nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ch\u00e1y, nh\u0169n nh\u01b0 con chi chi\u2026)<\/em><\/p>\n

    (4) tss+ B\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (V\u00ed d\u1ee5: nh\u01b0 v\u1ecbt nghe s\u1ea5m, nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi l\u1eeda\u2026.)<\/em><\/p>\n

    Trong \u0111\u00f3, A \u2013 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh, t – ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n so s\u00e1nh, tss – t\u1eeb so s\u00e1nh, B – c\u00e1i so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng (1) l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t.<\/em><\/p>\n

    2.2. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac TNSS nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c TNSS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau: Chi\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 7\/13 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 53,8 % trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef d\u1ea1ng t tss B<\/em>; th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tss B<\/em> g\u1ed1m 4\/13 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, chi\u1ebfm 30,7 %; c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac A tss B<\/em> g\u1ed3m 2\/13 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, chi\u1ebfm 15,5%. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh A t tss B<\/em> v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u00a0 TNSS nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n

    \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7\u00a0<\/strong>(%)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    TNSS trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u<\/td>\n13<\/strong><\/td>\n100<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D\u1ea1ng t sss B<\/em><\/td>\n7<\/td>\n\u00a053,8 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D\u1ea1ng A tss B<\/em><\/td>\n2<\/td>\n15,5 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D\u1ea1ng tss B<\/em><\/td>\n4<\/td>\n\u00a030,7 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D\u1ea1ng A t tss B<\/em><\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Sau \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a TNSS trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: t + tss + B<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u cho th\u1ea5y, th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t + tss + B <\/em>chi\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u d\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. \u1ede d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, TNSS l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 A \u2013 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: t (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n so s\u00e1nh), tss (t\u1eeb so s\u00e1nh), B (c\u00e1i so s\u00e1nh). Th\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

      (1879 – 1880)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cNh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5c, n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ec,<\/em><\/p>\n

      G\u1ee1 cho ra n\u1eefa c\u00f2n g\u00ec l\u00e0 duy\u00ean.\u201d<\/p>\n

      C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a hai th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef: (1) \u00a0nh\u1eb9<\/u>\u00a0 nh\u01b0<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 b\u1ea5c<\/u><\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 n\u1eb7ng<\/u>\u00a0\u00a0 nh\u01b0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ch\u00ec<\/u><\/em><\/p>\n

      t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tss\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tss\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B<\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef ti\u1ec3u d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao trong vi\u1ec7c g\u1ee3i li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe\/ ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u1ee9 c\u1eb7p c\u00e2u th\u01a1 tr\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean c\u00e2u ch\u1eef \u00a0th\u00ec th\u1eadt kh\u00f3. M\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec, c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5c, l\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ec? C\u00f3 ch\u0103ng, ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ec1u l\u00fac n\u00e0y (Ki\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n r\u01b0\u1ee3u cho cu\u1ed9c vui c\u1ee7a hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Ho\u1ea1n Th\u01b0), v\u00e0 \u0111au n\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ec1u th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1edbi t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef mang c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t tss B<\/em> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi ch\u00fang h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c. B\u1edfi, khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, t\u00f9y v\u00e0o t\u1eebng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh giao ti\u1ebfp, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00eam v\u00e0o ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc t<\/em> m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 A <\/em>n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e2u th\u01a1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ng\u00e0y vui<\/em> v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u201cng\u1eafn ch\u1eb3ng t\u00e0y gang\u201d \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong c\u1eb7p c\u00e2u th\u01a1:<\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0(425 – 426)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cNg\u00e0y vui<\/u> ng\u1eafn ch\u1eb3ng t\u00e0y gang,<\/em><\/p>\n

      Tr\u00f4ng ra \u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eadm g\u01b0\u01a1ng non \u0111o\u00e0i.\u201d<\/p>\n

      Hay, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef m\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 t\u1edd <\/em>trong c\u1eb7p c\u00e2u:<\/p>\n

      (2777 \u2013 2778)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cKi\u1ec1u nhi ph\u1eadn<\/u> m\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 t\u1edd,<\/em><\/p>\n

      M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i t\u00f3c t\u01a1 v\u1edbi ch\u00e0ng.\u201d<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: tss + B<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u1ede d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edbt 2 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so s\u00e1nh l\u00e0 A<\/em> (c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh) v\u00e0 t<\/em> (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n so s\u00e1nh), ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tss<\/em> (t\u1eeb so s\u00e1nh) v\u00e0 B<\/em> (c\u00e1i so s\u00e1nh). Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef: nh\u01b0 chan, nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a, nh\u01b0 n\u00eam, nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc,\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

        (1759 – 1760)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cN\u00e0ng c\u00e0ng gi\u1ecdt ng\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 chan,<\/em><\/p>\n

        N\u1ed7i l\u00f2ng lu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0n ho\u00e0n ni\u1ec1m t\u00e2y.\u201d<\/p>\n

        C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a hai th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef trong (1759 – 1760) nh\u01b0 sau:\u00a0\u00a0 nh\u01b0 <\/strong>chan<\/u><\/em><\/p>\n

        tss\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0B<\/p>\n

        C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u00fat g\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u0111a so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, ti\u1ec3u lo\u1ea1i TNSS n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t cao trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong th\u01a1 \u2013 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng t\u00ednh h\u00e0m s\u00fac. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef mang c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tss B<\/em> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p theo sau c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb\/danh ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t\/ \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb\/danh ng\u1eef \u1ea5y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (47 –\u00a0 48)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cD\u1eadp d\u00ecu t\u00e0i t\u1eed giai nh\u00e2n,<\/p>\n

        Ng\u1ef1a xe<\/u> nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>, \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n<\/u> nh\u01b0 n\u00eam\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

        Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sau:<\/p>\n

        Ng\u1ef1a xe<\/u>\u00a0 \/\/ nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/u>,<\/em> \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n<\/u>\u00a0 \/\/ nh\u01b0 n\u00eam<\/u>.<\/em><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: A + tss+ B<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          V\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef mang c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so s\u00e1nh l\u00e0 A<\/em> (c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh), tss <\/em>(t\u1eeb so s\u00e1nh), B<\/em> (c\u00e1i so s\u00e1nh). Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef nh\u01b0: vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0y tr\u1eddi, m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 ch\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5\u2026 <\/em>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

          (1513 – 1514)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u201cH\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u xu\u00f4i,<\/p>\n

          L\u1ea1i mang nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0y tr\u1eddi<\/em> \u0111\u1ebfn sau.\u201d<\/p>\n

          C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef trong (1513 – 1514) nh\u01b0 sau:\u00a0\u00a0 vi\u1ec7c<\/u><\/em> t\u00e0y<\/strong> tr\u1eddi<\/u><\/em><\/p>\n

          A\u00a0\u00a0 tss\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B<\/p>\n

          Hay trong c\u1eb7p c\u00e2u (2325 – 2326) \u201cCho g\u01b0\u01a1m m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u00fac lang,<\/p>\n

          \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0M\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 ch\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5<\/em>, m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ebd run.\u201d<\/p>\n

          C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef trong (2325 \u2013 2326) nh\u01b0 sau: m\u1eb7t<\/u><\/em> \u00a0nh\u01b0 <\/strong>ch\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5<\/u><\/em><\/p>\n

          A\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0tss\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B<\/p>\n

          T\u1eeb hai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean ta th\u1ea5y, trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 A th\u01b0\u1eddng bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t. Cho n\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u1ee3i li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng, bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa A v\u00e0 B \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m\/t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a A m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef mu\u1ed1n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

          Ti\u1ec3u k\u1ebft: (1)<\/strong> V\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, trong TNSS, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb quan h\u1ec7 so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1i so s\u00e1nh (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so s\u00e1nh tss + B<\/strong> ) l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 s\u00e2u. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so s\u00e1nh th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh n\u1eefa. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tss + B<\/em><\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 s\u00e2u, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong m\u1ecdi TNSS; (2)<\/strong> V\u1edbi ba m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a TNSS \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang. Song c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u chung kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn: so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c TNSS c\u00f3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, c\u00e1c TNSS n\u00e0y mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a bao qu\u00e1t ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf ph\u1ea1m vi c\u0169ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

          2.3. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac TNSS bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n Du s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3. D\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u00f2i b\u00fat t\u00e0i hoa c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i thi h\u00e0o, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t cho th\u1ea5y, trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, c\u00e1c TNSS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c<\/em>. Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00e1c ng\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. D\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c 1: t tss B <\/strong>\u00e0<\/strong> tm tss B (<\/strong>trong \u0111\u00f3, m <\/em>l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00eam v\u00e0o)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 t tss B <\/em>b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m<\/em> \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t <\/em>\u2013 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n so s\u00e1nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

            (1563 \u2013 1564)\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u201cTrong ngo\u00e0i k\u00edn m\u00edt<\/u> nh\u01b0 b\u01b0ng<\/em>,<\/p>\n

            N\u00e0o ai c\u00f2n d\u00e1m n\u00f3i n\u00f3i n\u0103ng m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi.\u201d<\/p>\n

            Th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 k\u00edn nh\u01b0 b\u01b0ng<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n Du v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gh\u00e9p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0o t\u1eeb k\u00edn<\/em> (t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n \u2013 s\u1eafc th\u00e1i trung t\u00ednh) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u00edn m\u00edt (t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p – gia t\u0103ng cho t\u1eeb n\u00e9t ngh\u0129a s\u1eafc th\u00e1i h\u00f3a \u2013 ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t k\u00edn \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao) <\/em>trong th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef m\u1edbi k\u00edn m\u00edt nh\u01b0 b\u01b0ng<\/em>.<\/p>\n

            X\u00e9t m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n

            (1891 \u2013 1892)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cSinh \u0111\u00e0 r\u00e1t ru\u1ed9t<\/u> nh\u01b0 b\u00e0o<\/em>,<\/p>\n

            N\u00f3i ra ch\u1eb3ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ch\u1eb3ng \u0111ang.\u201d<\/p>\n

            Th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 r\u00e1t ru\u1ed9t nh\u01b0 b\u00e0o<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n Du m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ru\u1ed9t<\/em> tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 r\u00e1t nh\u01b0 b\u00e0o. <\/em>Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda r\u00f5 n\u00e9t h\u01a1n, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed7i \u0111au x\u00f3t \u0111ang d\u00e0y v\u00f2 Th\u00fac Sinh khi ch\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec1u r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh tr\u00e1i ngang \u201cV\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9n t\u1ea1c, ch\u00e9n th\u00f9\/ B\u1eaft n\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng ch\u1ef1c tr\u00ec h\u1ed3 hai n\u01a1i\u201d.<\/p>\n

            R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef l\u00e0m cho ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng minh h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c r\u00f5 n\u00e9t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc th\u00e1i h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. D\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c 2: t tss1 B1 <\/strong>\u00e0<\/strong> A tss2 B2<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u1eeba thay th\u1ebf t\u1eeb so s\u00e1nh \u2013 tss 2<\/em>, thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh \u2013 B2<\/em> tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf tss1, B1<\/em>, v\u1eeba gia t\u0103ng th\u00eam y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 so s\u00e1nh \u2013 A<\/em>. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef linh ho\u1ea1t, nhu\u1ea7n nhuy\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n

              (2325 \u2013 2326)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cCho g\u01b0\u01a1m m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u00fac lang,<\/p>\n

              \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em>M\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 ch\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5, m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ebd run.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

              Th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c run nh\u01b0 d\u1ebd <\/em>c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t tss B. <\/em>T\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf ch\u1ed7, \u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef – mang ngh\u0129a \u201cqu\u00e1 s\u1ee3, run b\u1eafn l\u00ean, run c\u1ea7m c\u1eadp\u201d <\/em>[4;542], trong m\u1ed9t di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o m\u1edbi, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1edbi khi th\u00eam A \u2013 m\u00ecnh<\/em>, t\u1eeb so s\u00e1nh tss \u2013 d\u01b0\u1eddn<\/em>g, bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 B \u2013 d\u1ebd run,<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc A tss B<\/em>.<\/p>\n

              \u00a0 Ti\u1ec3u k\u1ebft:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i ra nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed7i c\u00e2u th\u01a1 trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, m\u1ed7i \u00fd th\u01a1 trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n \u00fd nh\u1ecb, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c TNSS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c tranh th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef.\u00a0 M\u1eb7c d\u00f9, t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 hay bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3, th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ec3u ngh\u0129a, bi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh Nguy\u1ec5n Du x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng\u201c<\/em> l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u00f4ng, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh cao ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\n

                T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. \u0110\u00e0o Duy Anh (2000), T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u<\/em>, Nxb V\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u00f4ng tin, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
                2. Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n H\u00e0nh (ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean), K\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef,<\/em> Nxb KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
                3. Nguy\u1ec5n L\u1ed9c (2004), V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam (n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XVII \u2013 h\u1ebft th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 <\/em>XIX), t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 5, Nxb Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n
                4. 4. Nguy\u1ec5n L\u1ef1c, L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110ang (1978), Th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/em>, Nxb KHXH, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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                  B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u \u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n Du. Qua \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh hai m\u1eb7t \u2013 v\u1eeba c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo, linh ho\u1ea1t trong h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u2013 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef khi tham gia v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng giao ti\u1ebfp, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong giao ti\u1ebfp ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0\u00a0 h\u01a1n h\u1ebft c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y trong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i thi h\u00e0o Nguy\u1ec5n Du.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":4692,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[337],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nM\u00d4 H\u00ccNH C\u1ea4U TR\u00daC C\u1ee6A TH\u00c0NH NG\u1eee SO S\u00c1NH\u00a0TRONG TRUY\u1ec6N KI\u1ec0U \u2013 NGUY\u1ec4N DU - Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc H\u1ea1 Long<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pornindianclips.com\/bai-viet-khoa-hoc-2\/mo-hinh-cau-truc-cua-thanh-ngu-so-sanh-trong-truyen-kieu-nguyen-du\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u00d4 H\u00ccNH C\u1ea4U TR\u00daC C\u1ee6A TH\u00c0NH NG\u1eee SO S\u00c1NH\u00a0TRONG TRUY\u1ec6N KI\u1ec0U \u2013 NGUY\u1ec4N DU - Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc H\u1ea1 Long\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef so s\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u \u2013 Nguy\u1ec5n Du. 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